Glucose is a simple sugar that your body gets from the food you eat. This test helps to detect hyperglycemia (high blood sugar), hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), and diabetes (which can occur after long-term steroid therapy). Tests of blood glucose levels are performed to determine if an individual’s blood glucose is in normal range. Low BUN levels are uncommon and are usually not as important they can suggest certain conditions, such as malnutrition, over-hydration, or liver disease, but doctors usually use other tests to monitor these conditions. Even though increased protein levels in a person’s diet can cause their blood urea nitrogen levels to increase, elevated BUN may suggest kidney involvement due to lupus or another condition such as dehydration that causes decreased blood flow to the kidneys. To evaluate an individual’s BUN level, blood is drawn from the vein, and the concentration of urea nitrogen in the blood is evaluated and compared to a standard value for that person’s age range. From the liver, urea travels in your blood to the kidneys, which filter the urea and flush it from your body in the form of urine. The liver produces nitrogen in the form of ammonia (NH3) as it breaks down proteins into their constituent amino acids. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN): The BUN test measures the amount of urea nitrogen in your blood. The eGFR is an educated estimate of the amount of blood that is filtered per minute by your glomeruli and is often used to detect kidney damage. Glomeruli are tiny ball-shaped structures in your kidneys that help filter blood and prevent the loss of valuable substances, such as blood cells and proteins. Your serum (blood) creatinine level can also be combined with your age, weight, and gender to evaluate your estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). In addition, since creatinine is usually removed from the blood at a constant rate, blood creatinine levels can be used as a standard by which doctors can compare other urine or blood tests. The combination of blood and urine samples can be used to evaluate a creatine clearance-how effectively your kidneys filter small molecules, such as creatinine, from your blood.
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